ZOOLOGY
Chapter - -Nervous System
1.
Difference
between Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
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Sympathetic nerves
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Parasympathetic nerves
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i.
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It originates from the thoracic and lumber regions of spinal cord
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i.
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It originates from the cranial and saccral regions of spinal cord.
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ii.
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Its ganglia are linked to form a chain.
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ii.
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Its ganglia remain isolated
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iii.
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Pre-ganglionic fibres are shorter.
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iii.
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Pre-ganglionic fibres are longer.
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iv.
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Post –ganglionic fibres are longer.
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iv.
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Post –ganglionic fibres are shorter.
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v.
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Nor-adrenaline is produced at the terminal end of post-ganglionic
fibres at the effector organ
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v.
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Acetylcholine is produced at the terminal end of post-ganglionic
fibres at the effector organ
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vi.
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It controls body activities during emergency.
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vi.
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It controls normal and dailybody activities.
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vii.
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Its overall effect is excitatory and stimulating.
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vii.
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Its overall effect is inhibitory.
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The difference in the effects of Sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous system on various organs:-
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Organs
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Sympathetic nervous system
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Parasympathetic nervous system
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1.
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Sweat glands
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Stimulates perspiration
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Inhibits perspiration
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2.
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Muscles of Iris
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Dilates pupil
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Constricts pupil
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3.
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Heart
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Accelerates Heart beat
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Slows the rate of Heart beat
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4.
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Arteries
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Constricts arteries, raises blood pressure
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Dilates arteries, lowers blood pressure
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5.
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Digestive system
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Slows down peristaslis
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Accelerates peristaslis
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6.
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Salivary gland/Gastric gland
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Inhibits secretion
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Stimulates secretion
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7.
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Penis
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Induces ejaculation
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Stimulates ejaculation
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8.
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Urinary bladder
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Relaxes the b ladder
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Contracts the bladder
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