Wednesday, October 14, 2015

Difference between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System

ZOOLOGY
Chapter -  -Nervous System
1.       Difference between Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

Sympathetic nerves

Parasympathetic nerves
i.
It originates from the thoracic and lumber regions of spinal cord
i.
It originates from the cranial and saccral regions of spinal cord.
ii.
Its ganglia are linked to form a chain.
ii.
Its ganglia remain isolated
iii.
Pre-ganglionic fibres are shorter.
iii.
Pre-ganglionic fibres are longer.
iv.
Post –ganglionic fibres are longer.
iv.
Post –ganglionic fibres are shorter.
v.
Nor-adrenaline is produced at the terminal end of post-ganglionic fibres at the effector organ
v.
Acetylcholine is produced at the terminal end of post-ganglionic fibres at the effector organ
vi.
It controls body activities during emergency.
vi.
It controls normal and dailybody activities.
vii.
Its overall effect is excitatory and stimulating.
vii.
Its overall effect is inhibitory.
               
The difference in the effects of Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system on various organs:-


Organs
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
1.
Sweat glands
Stimulates perspiration
Inhibits perspiration
2.
Muscles of Iris
Dilates pupil
Constricts pupil
3.
Heart
Accelerates Heart beat
Slows the rate of Heart beat
4.
Arteries
Constricts arteries, raises blood pressure
Dilates arteries, lowers blood pressure
5.
Digestive system
Slows down peristaslis
Accelerates peristaslis
6.
Salivary gland/Gastric gland
Inhibits secretion
Stimulates secretion
7.
Penis
Induces ejaculation
Stimulates ejaculation
8.
Urinary bladder
Relaxes the b ladder
Contracts the bladder

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